Annals of Health and Allied Sciences

Cadmium-Induced Adverse Alteration of Reproductive Parameters and Testicular Histoarchitecture of Wistar Rats: Protective Role of Palmitic Acid

Adeniran Akinola — 2025-02-09

Cadmium (Cd) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and adversely affecting reproductive organs and functions. Conversely, palmitic acid (PA) is a free radical scavenger naturally found in palm oil and consumed in diets. This study investigated the protective role of PA against cadmium-induced adverse alteration of male Wistar rats’ reproductive parameters. Twenty mature male Wistar rats were grouped into four (n=5/group): 0.2 mL of 10% Tween 80 (Control); 2 mg/kg bw-Cd; 2 mg/kg bw - Cd+200 mg/kg bw PA; and 200 mg/kg bw PA. PA was given via oral route daily for thirty days, while a single dose of Cd was intraperitoneally given. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); testicular concentrations of magnesium, calcium, zinc, and cadmium; epididymal sperm parameters (morphology, motility, viability, and counts) were evaluated, and the testicular histoarchitecture was assessed using standard techniques. Data obtained were statistically analysed and compared using ANOVA at p < 0.05. In comparison to the control group, Cd exposure significantly decreased serum testosterone, FSH, and LH levels; testicular magnesium, calcium and zinc; sperm motility, viability and counts. In addition, cadmium exposure resulted in abnormal sperm morphology and distorted testicular histoarchitecture. The co-administration of Cd and PA in group 3 showed significant reversal of the adverse effect of Cd on reproductive hormones, electrolytes, sperm parameters and testicular histomorphology. Hence, palmitic acid exhibits a protective effect against cadmium-induced adverse alterations of reproductive parameters and testicular histoarchitecture in Wistar rats.

Is day-case caesarean section feasible? Evaluating an ultrashort-stay post-operative protocol at the University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo state, south-western Nigeria

Lawal Oyeneyin — 2025-01-31

Background: Caesarean section (CS) is the most common major obstetric procedure. Research towards improving its safety and cost-effectiveness is imperative. This study aimed to evaluate an ultrashort-stay post-caesarean section management protocol (USPCP) on eligible patients at a teaching hospital in Ondo state.

Methodology: This is a prospective study conducted over a nine-month period involving 28 consecutive patients who underwent routine CS and were subjected to USPCP. Data obtained included obstetric characteristics inputted into an Excel spreadsheet for analysis. The USPCP was implemented for each patient from the 6th hour post-op to achieve a visual analogue pain score of ≤ 3, normal dietary intake, full ambulation and breastfeeding capabilities within 12 to 24 hours. Thereafter, wound inspections were conducted on an outpatient basis by the 6th day post-op.

Results: Patients that underwent elective CS accounted for 82% of total number. The mean gestational age (in weeks), surgery duration (minutes), blood loss (ml) and postop stay (hours) were 37.8, 38.7, 610.7 and 32.5, respectively. All but one patient had satisfactory wound healing while another was lost to follow-up.

Conclusion: The USPCP led to the successful management and discharge of patients within an average time of less than 36 hours. Day case caesarean sections are feasible.

Book of Abstracts: 2-day Physiology Conference

Department of Physiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo — 2025-02-15

Conference Theme: Advancing Physiological Research and Innovations for Better Health and Well-being

Conference Date: 18 - 19 February 2025

Venue: University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria

Organised by: Department of Physiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo & The Physiological Society, UK

Bilateral Mandibular and Bilateral Maxillary Cancer: A Rare Case of Tumor Metastases from The Breast

Emmanuel Adelusi — 2025-01-31

Tumor metastases are very rare causes of jaw lesions. Previous reports have indicated occurrence in one or more quadrants, but metastatic lesions in all four quadrants are exceptionally rare. This study aimed to report an unusual presentation of metastatic carcinoma, in which metastatic deposits from the breast were found on the four quadrants of the jawbones. We present an unusual case of metastatic lesion from the breast to the mandible and maxilla bilaterally in a 46-year-old woman. The patient was admitted to a previous treatment of breast cancer only after several promptings. The clinical and microscopic features of the jaw lesions and the microscopic features of the breast lesion are presented with a review of the pertinent literature.